The Need: Accurate characterization of receiver sensitivity is crucial for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, particularly fast MRI using multi-channel coils. Different coils sample various parts of the k-space simultaneously during parallel MRI, and the final image's accuracy depends on the precise sensitivity characterization of each coil. This sensitivity information is essential for correcting signal intensity inhomogeneity and achieving accurate quantification of parameters like macromolecule, perfusion, and molecule concentration using MRI and MRS techniques.

The Technology: The technology presented in this invention offers three methods for estimating in vivo receiver sensitivity. The first method, the electromagnetic field method, estimates receiver sensitivity for transceiver coils based on measurements of their transmit and transverse radiofrequency fields. The second method, the bias field method, involves post-processing of MR signal intensity to estimate the transmit and bias fields, which are then used to determine receiver sensitivity. The third method, the uniform transmit field method, utilizes transmit field shimming or combined RF pulse methods to assume uniform transmit fields and estimate receiver sensitivity by evaluating the acquired image's bias field.

Commercial Applications:

• Parallel MR Image Reconstruction: The technology minimizes wrapping and aliasing artifacts, improving the overall image quality in parallel MR imaging applications.
• Quantitative MRI: By reducing artifacts and variability, the technology enhances the precision and accuracy of quantitative MRI, leading to more reliable diagnostic information.
• Quantitative MRS and MRSI: The technology enables improved estimation of molecule concentration, benefiting medical research and diagnostic applications.

Benefits/Advantages:

• Enhanced Image Accuracy: Accurate characterization of receiver sensitivity leads to higher image accuracy, reducing the need for rescans and enhancing diagnostic confidence.
• Time Efficiency: The technology employs fast acquisition methods, reducing scan time and increasing throughput in medical imaging facilities.
• Research Advancements: Improved quantitative MRI and MRS techniques open new possibilities for medical research, allowing for more profound insights into various physiological and pathological processes.